EFEK PEMAKAIAN PIL KONTRASEPSI KOMBINASI TERHADAP KADAR GLUKOSA DARAH

F. Y Widodo

Abstract


Kontrasepsi oral adalah suatu cara kontrasepsi yang sangat luas dipakai untuk menghambat kehamilan,
baik di Indonesia maupun di seluruh dunia, mengingat efektifitasnya serta cara pemakaian yang sangat
mudah.
Namun, pil kontrasepsi ini juga memiliki beberapa efek samping yang tidak diinginkan, salah satunya dapat
menimbulkan abnormalitas dari tes toleransi glukosa. Hal tersebut disebabkan adanya kandungan
progesteron pada pil kontrasepsi tersebut. Sampai saat ini masih banyak dilakukan kegiatan penelitian
lebih lanjut untuk menemukan suatu kontrasepsi oral yang mempunyai daya guna tinggi dan dengan efek
samping yang sekecil mungkin terhadap kadar glukosa darah


Keywords


Kontrasepsi oral; progesteron; tes Toleransi glukosa

Full Text:

PDF

References


Badan Kependudukan dan Keluarga Berencana Nasional (BKKBN);

; Laporan Umpan Balik Hasil Pelaksanaan Sub Sistem Pencatatan

dan Pelaporan Pelayanan Kontrasepsi Maret 2011; Direktorat Pelaporan dan Statistik BKKBN; Jakarta; hal. 9 – 11, dan 51.

Trussell, J.; 2007; "Contraceptive Efficacy". In Hatcher, R. A., et al.; Contraceptive Technology; 19th rev. ed.; Ardent Media, NY.

Mosher WD, Martinez GM, Chandra A, Abma JC, Willson SJ; 2004;

"Use of contraception and use of family planning services in the

United States: 1982–2002" . Adv Data (350): 1–36, U.S. DEPARTMENT OF HEALTH AND HUMAN SERVICES, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Health Statistics.

Pernoll, M. L.; 2001; Benson & Pernooll Handbook of Obstetrics and

Gynecology; 10th ed.; McGraw-Hill Medical Publishing Division, New

York, p. 727 – 41

Hall, J. E.; 2008; The Female Reproductive system: Infertility and

Contraception; Harrison’s Principles of Internal Medicine, vol. II, 17th ed.,McGraw-Hill Medical, NY.; p. 2275 – 304.

Chrousos, G. P.; 2007; The Gonadal Hormone & Inhibitors; on Katzung Basic and Clinical Pharmacology; 10th ed.; The McGraw-Hill Co. Inc.;p. 664 – 71

Vessey M, Painter R, Yeates D.; 2003; Mortality in relation to oral

contraceptive use and cigarette smoking. Lancet; 362:185-91.

Hannaford, P. C., et al ; 2010; Mortality among contraceptive pill

users: cohort evidence from Royal College of General Practitioners’

Oral Contraception Study; BMJ;340: c927

Burkman, R.; Schlesselman, J. J.; Zieman, M.; 2004; Safety Concerns and Health Benefits Associated with Oral Contraception; American Journal of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Vol. 190, Issue 4, Sup , P. S5-S22

Berenson, A. B.; van den Berg, P; Williams, K. J.; Rahman, M.; 2011; Effect of Injectable and Oral Contraceptives on Glucose and

Insulin Levels; Obstetrics & Gynecology. 117(1):41-47

Kaunitz, A. M.; 2004; Enhancing oral contraceptive success: the

potential of new formulations; Am. J. of Obst. & Gyn., Vol. 190, Issue 4,Sup., p. S23-S29

Lüdickea, F.; et al; 2002;Randomized controlled study of the

influence of two low estrogen dose oral contraceptives containing

gestodene or desogestrel on carbohydrate metabolism; Contraception, Volume 66, Issue 6,Pages 411-415

Loose-Mitchel, D. S.; Stancel, G. M.; 2001; Hormonal Contraseptives; on Goodman & Gilman’s The Pharmacological Basis of Theurapeutics, 10th ed.; McGraw- Hill Prof., 1623 – 9.

Wiknjosastro, H. (editor); 2007; Ilmu Kandungan; cetakan kelima; Yayasan Bina Pustaka Sarwono Prawirohardjo, Jakarta, hal. 534 –575.

Norwitz, E. R.; Schorge, J. O.; 2008; At a Glance Obsteri dan Ginekologi; edisi kedua; alih bahasa Diba Artsiyanti; Penerbit Erlangga; hal. 31.

Bennet, P. N.; Brown, M. J.; 2003; Clinical Pharmacology; 9th ed.; Churchill Livingstone; p. 721 – 8.

Coutinho, E. M.; 2002; Gossypol: a Contraceptive for Men;

Contraception , Vol. 65, Issue 4, Pages 259-263

Stubblefield, P. G.; Carr-Ellis, S. Kapp, N.; 2007 ; Family Planning,

on Berek & Novak’s Gynecology; 14th ed.; Lippincott Williams &

Wilkins; p. 247 - 312.

Kiley, J. ; Hammond, C; 2007; Combined Oral Contraceptives: A

Comprehensive Review; Clin. Obst. Gyn; Vol. 50 - Issue 4 - pp 868-877

Dhont, M.; 2010; History of Oral Contraception; The European

Journal of Contraception and Reproductive Health Care;15(S2):S12–S18.

Barnhart K; Mirkin S; Grubb G; Constantine G; 2009; Return to

Fertility After Cessation of a Continuous Oral Contraceptive; Fertil Steril; Vol. 91 (5), pp. 1654-6. on http://web.ebscohost. com/

Chen XK; Wen SW; Sun LM; Yang Q; Walker MC; Krewski D; 2009; Recent oral contraceptive use and adverse birth outcomes; Eur J Obstet Gynecol Reprod Biol; Vol. 144 (1), pp. 40-3; on http://web.

ebscohost.com

Mucci LA; Lagiou P; Hsieh CC; Tamimi R; Hellerstein S; Vatten L;

Adami HO; Cnattingius S; Trichopoulos D; 2004; A prospective

study of pregravid oral contraceptive use in relation to fetal growth;

BJOG; Vol. 111 (9), pp. 989-95; on http://web. ebscohost.com/

Bender, D. A.; 2009; Gluconeogenesis & the Control of

Blood Glucose; on Harper’s Illustrated Biochemistry; 28th ed.;

McGraw-Hill; p. 165 – 173.

Direktorat Bina Farmasi Komunitas dan Klinik Ditjen Bina Kefarmasian dan Alat Kesehatan; 2005; Pharmaceutical Care untuk Penyakit Diabetes Melitus; Departemen Kesehatan RI

Powers, A. C.; 2008; Diabetes Mellitus, on Harrison’s Principles of

Internal Medicine, vol II; 17th ed.; McGraw-Hill Medical, New York; p.

– 2304.

McPhee, S.J.; Papadakis, M. A.; Rabow, M. W.; 2011; Diabetes

Mellitus – Hypoglicemia ; on Current Medical Diagnosis &

Treatment; 15th ed.; The McGraw- Hill Companies, Inc; Chapter 27; on http://www. accessmedicine.com

Lawrie TA; et al; 2011; Types of Progestogens in Combined Oral

Contraception: Effectiveness and Side-Effects; Cochrane Database

Syst Rev; Vol. 5. on http://web.ebscohost.com/

Troisi RJ, Cowie CC, Harris MI.; 2000 ; Oral Contraceptive Use and

Glucose Metabolism in a National Sample of Women in the United

States; Am.J. of Obs. & Gyn.; Vol. 183, Issue 2 , Pages 389-395.

Klipping, C.; Marr, J.; 2005; Effects of two combined oral contraceptives containing ethinyl estradiol 20 μg combined with either drospirenone or desogestrel on lipids, hemostatic parameters and carbohydrate metabolism; Contraception , Vol. 71, Issue 6, P. 409-416

Deleskog A; Hilding A; Ostenson CG; 2011; Oral contraceptive use and abnormal glucose regulation in Swedish middle aged women;

Diabetes Res Clin Pract;Vol. 92 (2), p. 288-92; on http://web.ebscohost.com/

Suwikroma, S. & Jaisamrarnb, U.; 2005; Comparison of the metabolic effects of oral contraceptive and nonhormonal contraceptive use in women over




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30742/jikw.v0i1.2141

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2022 F. Y Widodo

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License