The Impact of Using Gadgets at Early Age on The Brain Development of Infants and Children (Literature Review Article)
Abstract
The use of gadgets is currently very evenly distributed in almost all age groups with screen times that are increasingly worrying, especially in infants and children. The influence of these devices can cause many problems not only social problems but especially health problems that have a long-term impact. Neuropsychiatric disorders caused by early use of gadgets in infants and children should be prevented by parents' understanding of the effects of using these devices. The purpose of writing this review article describes health problems that may arise due to the use of gadgets in children in an uncontrolled time. This literature review article was analyzed from 25 journals with topics of infant and toddler brain development, gadgets, electromagnetic waves and their impact on infant and toddler brain development. Search using pubmed central, google scholar, article in journals indexes Scopus Q1-4 and Sinta 1-4 from year 2002-2022. 25 journals were obtained and overall showed the impact of gadgets in the brain development.
Keywords
Full Text:
PDFReferences
Al Sagr, A. N., & Al Sagr, N. A. (2020). The effect of electronics on the growth and development of young children: A Narrative Review. Journal of Health Informatics in Developing Countries, 14(1), 1–13.
Dahlia, J. K., & Sekartini, R. (2017). Pentingnya pemantauan tumbuh kembang 1000 hari pertama kehidupan anak. IDAI. https://www.idai.or.id/artikel/klinik/pengasuhan-anak/pentingnya-pemantauan-tumbuh-kembang-1000-hari-pertama-kehidupan-anak
Dewanti, A., Widjaja, J. A., Tjandrajani, A., & Burhany, A. A. (2016). Karakteristik Keterlambatan Bicara di Klinik Khusus Tumbuh Kembang Rumah Sakit Anak dan Bunda Harapan Kita Tahun 2008 - 2009. Sari Pediatri, 14(4), 230. https://doi.org/10.14238/sp14.4.2012.230-4
Enny, E. (2015). Efek Samping Penggunaan Ponsel. Gema Teknologi, 17(4), 178–183. https://doi.org/10.14710/gt.v17i4.8938
Hartanto, F., Selina, H., H, Z., & Fitra, S. (2016). Pengaruh Perkembangan Bahasa Terhadap Perkembangan Kognitif Anak Usia 1-3 Tahun. Sari Pediatri, 12(6), 386. https://doi.org/10.14238/sp12.6.2011.386-90
Hermawati, D., Rahmadi, F. A., Sumekar, T. A., & Winarni, T. I. (2018). Early electronic screen exposure and autistic-like symptoms. Intractable and Rare Diseases Research, 7(1), 69–71. https://doi.org/10.5582/irdr.2018.01007
kemenkominfo RI. (2013). penggunaan internet di indonesia. https://kominfo.go.id/index.php/content/detail/3415/kominfo+%3A+Pengguna+internet+diindonesia+63+juta+orang/0/berita_satker
Kim, J. H., Lee, J. K., Kim, H. G., Kim, K. B., & Kim, H. R. (2019). Possible effects of radiofrequency electromagnetic field exposure on central nerve system. Biomolecules and Therapeutics, 27(3), 265–275. https://doi.org/10.4062/biomolther.2018.152
MH, R., A, L., M, R., Z, S., A, A., J, B., G, D., P, E., P, F., S, H., & I, L. (2012). Systematic review of wireless phone use and brain cancer and other head tumors. Bioelectromagnetics, 33(3), 187–206. https://doi.org/10.1002/bem.20716
Pem, D. (2016). Factors Affecting Early Childhood Growth and Development: Golden 1000 Days. Advanced Practices in Nursing, 01(01), 1–4. https://doi.org/10.4172/2573-0347.1000101
Puspita, I. (2015). Terhadap Kadar SGOT dan SGPT Imelda Puspita Effect of Electromagnetic Wave Mobile Exposure Chronic on SGOT and SGPT lev els. Jurnal Agramed Unila, 2(4), 536–540.
Rezkisari, I. (2014). Pengguna smartphone Indonesia peringkat kelima dunia. https://www.republika.co.id/berita/neehfh/pengguna-smartphone-indonesia-peringkat-kelima-dunia
Sarojini, K., Gayathri, R., & Vishnu Priya, V. (2019). Awareness of screen dependency disorder among information technology professionals – A survey. Drug Invention Today, 12(3), 559–561.
Schmid, M. R., Loughran, S. P., Regel, S. J., Murbach, M., Grunauer, A. B., Rusterholz, T., Bersagliere, A., Kuster, N., & Achermann, P. (2012). Sleep EEG alterations: effects of different pulse-modulated radio frequency electromagnetic fields. J Sleep Res, 21(1), 50–58. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2869.2011.00918.x
Setianingsih, Amila Wahyuni Ardani, F. N. K. (2018). DAMPAK PENGGUNAAN GADGET PADA ANAK USIA PRASEKOLAH. Gaster, XVI(2), 191–205. https://doi.org/10.30787/gaster.v16i2.297
Sharma, S. K. (2018). Screen Dependency Disorders (SDD): An Innovative Contest for Brain of Children. Global Journal of Addiction & Rehabilitation Medicine, 6(1), 5–6. https://doi.org/10.19080/gjarm.2018.06.555677
Sigman, A. (2014). Editorials: Virtually addicted: Why general practice must now confront screen dependency. British Journal of General Practice, 64(629), 610–611. https://doi.org/10.3399/bjgp14X682597
Small, G. W., Lee, J., Kaufman, A., Jalil, J., Siddarth, P., Gaddipati, H., Moody, T. D., & Bookheimer, S. Y. (2020). Brain health consequences of digital technology use. Dialogues in Clinical Neuroscience, 22(2), 179–187. https://doi.org/10.31887/DCNS.2020.22.2/gsmall
Stiles, J., & Jernigan, T. L. (2010). The basics of brain development. Neuropsychology Review, 20(4), 327–348. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11065-010-9148-4
Sumara, A. R. (2016). Pertumbuhan digital di Indonesia. Https://Bpptik.Kominfo.Go.Id/. https://bpptik.kominfo.go.id/2016/09/13/2203/pertumbuhan-digital-indonesia
Swamardika, I. A. (2013). Pengaruh radiasi gelombang elektromagnetik terhadap kesehatan manusia. In Majalah Ilmiah Teknologi Elektro (Vol. 12, Issue 1).
Syifa, L., Setianingsih, E. S., & Sulianto, J. (2019). Dampak Penggunaan Gadget terhadap Perkembangan Psikologi pada Anak Sekolah Dasar. Jurnal Ilmiah Sekolah Dasar, 3(4), 538. https://doi.org/10.23887/jisd.v3i4.22310
Tierney, A. L., & Nelson, C. A. (2009). Brain Development and the Role of Experience in the Early Years. Zero to Three, 30(2), 9–13. http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23894221%0Ahttp://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC3722610
V., R., B. S., S., & Karinagannanavar, A. (2020). Exposure to electronic
gadgets and its impact on developmental milestones among preschool children. International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public
Health, 7(5), 1884. https://doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20202000
Wang, B., & Lai, H. (2000). Acute exposure to pulsed 2450-MHz microwaves affects water-maze performance of rats. Bioelectromagnetics, 21(1), 52–56.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30742/jikw.v11i2.2225
Refbacks
- There are currently no refbacks.
Copyright (c) 2022 Erny Erny, Okky Prasetyo, Ayly Soekanto
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.
Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License