ADDISON'S DISEASE
Abstract
Penyakit Addison (Addison's disease) adalah kelainan yang disebabkan oleh ketidakmampuan korteks adrenalis memproduksi hormon kortisol dan aldosteron. Keadaan tersebut dapat disebabkan oleh insufisiensi adrenal primer seperti autoimun, infeksi dan tumor adrenal atau insufisiensi adrenal sekunder karena tumor atau infeksi, kurangnya aliran darah ke kelenjar hipofisis, radiasi kelenjar hipofisis, atau pengangkatan bagian hipotalamus atau kelenjar hipofisis. Penyakit Addison ini sangat jarang terutama pada anak-anak. Penyakit Addison dapat terjadi baik pada pria maupun wanita di semua usia. Frekuensi penyakit Addison pada populasi manusia diperkirakan 1 dari 100.000. Diagnosis penyakit Addison dapat dibuat melalui gambaran klinis dan pemeriksaan laboratorium. Pemeriksaan radiologis seperti CT Scan dan MRI dapat membantu menganalisa kelenjar adrenal dan kelenjar hipofise sehingga dapat diketahui penyebab insufisiensi kortisol yang terjadi pada penderita. Terapi penyakit Addison yaitu penggantian atau subtitusi hormon kortisol memperbaiki defisiensi glukokortikoid dan terapi standar pada keadaan krisis Addison. Diagnosis dini dan terapi yang tepat diperlukan untuk memberikan prognosis yang baik bagi pasien Addison's disease.
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DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30742/jikw.v1i1.51
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