Mangosten Skin Extracts Decrease The Activity of The Gamma-Glutamyltransferase (α-GT) Serum On The Cigarette Exposure

Loo Hariyanto Raharjo, Hwa Tjeen Anna Lewi Santoso

Abstract


Exposure to cigarette smoke can cause oxidative stress, which characterized by increased activity of g-GT serum. The skins of the mangosteen (Garcinia mangostana L.) contain anthocyanins pigments, which can act as antioxidants to reduce free radicals. This study mainly aims to investigate the effect of mangosteen skin extracts to decreased activity of g-GT serum in rats exposed to cigarette smoke. This study was true experimental designs with randomized post-test only control group design. This study used thirty male rats were dividing into six treatment groups. Rats exposed to cigarette smoke, which came from two cigarettes, for 4 weeks lead to an increase free radicals in the body. The increased activity of g-GT serum to damp the free radicals. Mangosteen skin extracts can reduce free radicals so that the activity of g-GT serum decreased.

The conclusion of this research is the mangosteen skin extracts can decrease the activity of the g-GT serum.


Keywords


cigarette smoke, free radicals, activity of -GT serum, mangosteen skin extract

Full Text:

PDF

References


Whitfield JB. Gamma Glutamyl Transferase. Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory. Sciences. 2001. 38(4):263–355.

Ambrose JA, Barua RS. The Pathophysiology of Cigarette Smoking and Cardiovascular Disease: An update. Journal of the American College of Cardiology. 2004.43 (10): 1731-1737.

Church DF, Pryor WA. Free-Radical Chemistry of Cigarette Smoke and Its Toxicological Implications. Environmental Health Perspectives.1985.64: 111- 126.

Rahman I, Macnee W. Oxidative stress and regulation of glutathione in lung inflammation. Eur Respir J. 2000.16: 534-554.

Emdin M, Pompella A, Paolicchi A. Gamma-glutamyltransferase, atherosclerosis, and cardiovascular disease: triggering oxidative stress within the plaque. Circulation. 2005. 112:2078–80.

Jain A, Agrawal B K. Antioxidant status and smoking habits: relationship with diet. Singapore Med J 2009.50(6) : 624-627.

Mason JE, Starke RD, Kirk JEV. Gamma-Glutamyl Transferase: A Novel Cardiovascular Risk Biomarker. Preventive Cardiology. 2010. 54:36-41.

Ehiozomwanogie OJ, Osazee OP. Serum gamma-glutamyl transferase level in cigarette smokers. TaJONAS. 2011.2;2:405-408.

Wiwin S, Endang D W, Lia K. Uji Aktivitas Antioksidan dan Penentuan Kandungan Antosianin Total Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia mangostana L.). Majalah Obat Tradisional. 2010.15(2): 64 – 70.

Permana AW, Widayanti SM, Prabawati S, dan Setyabudi DA. Sifat Antioksidan Bubuk Kulit Buah Manggis (Garcinia Mangostana L.) Instan dan Aplikasinya Untuk Minuman Fungsional Berkarbonasi. 2012. J. Pascapanen 9(2): 88 – 95.

Adiputro DL, Khotimah H, Sargowo D. et al. Cathecins in Ethanolic Extracts of Garcinia Mangostana Fruit Pericarp and Anti-inflamatory Effect in Atherosclerotic Rats.2013. J.Universa Medicina 32(1):37-43.

Sarma AD, Sreelakshimi Y, Sharma R. Antioxidant ability of anthocyanins against ascorbic acid oxydation. Phytochem. 1997.45: 671–674.

Murray RK, Granner DK, Mayes PA, Rodwell VW, 2000. Biokimia Harper. Edisi 25. Jakarta. EGC. hal: 609-612.

Paolicchi A, Franzini M, Emdin M, Passino C, et al. 2006. The Potential Roles of Gamma-Glutamyltransferase Activity in the Progression of Atherosclerosis and Cardiovascular Diseases. Vascular Disease Prevention 3(3): 1-5.

Kay C, 2004. Analysis of the bioactivity, metabolism, and pharmacokinetics of anthocyanins in humans. PhD thesis. University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada: 46-72.

Antal DS., Gârban G, Gârban Z, 2003. The anthocyans: biologicallyactive substances of food and pharmaceutic interest. The Annals of the University Dunarea de Jos of Galati, Food Technol. 6: 106-115.

Kaliora A C, Dedoussis G V Z, Schmidt H, 2006. Dietary antioxidants in preventing atherogenesis. Atherosclerosis 187 (001):1–17.




DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.30742/jikw.v3i1.39

Refbacks

  • There are currently no refbacks.


Copyright (c) 2014 Loo Hariyanto Raharjo, Hwa Tjeen Anna Lewi Santoso

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Jurnal Ilmiah Kedokteran Wijaya Kusuma is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License

 

slot gacor slot gacor hari ini slot gacor 2025 demo slot pg slot gacor slot gacor