ANALISIS ALIH FUNGSI LAHAN PERTANIAN DI KECAMATAN CANDI KABUPATEN SIDOARJO
Analysis of Agricultural Land Conversion in Candi District, Sidoarjo Regency
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.30742/jisa25220254722Abstract
Konversi lahan pertanian merupakan isu utama yang dihadapi sektor pertanian Indonesia. Penelitian ini bertujuan menganalisis konversi lahan pertanian di Kecamatan Candi, Kabupaten Sidoarjo—sebuah wilayah peri-urban yang menghadapi tekanan pembangunan dan pertumbuhan penduduk yang tinggi. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk: (1) mengkaji tren konversi lahan, (2) menganalisis faktor-faktor yang memengaruhinya, dan (3) mengidentifikasi dampak sosial-ekonomi terhadap petani yang lahannya telah dikonversi. Pendekatan survei kuantitatif diterapkan pada 30 responden petani dari empat desa, yang dipilih secara snowball sampling berdasarkan kriteria telah menjual sawah mereka. Data dianalisis menggunakan analisis tren eksponensial, regresi linier berganda, dan statistik deskriptif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa konversi lahan di Kecamatan Candi telah terjadi secara signifikan, ditandai dengan penurunan luas lahan sawah yang terus menerus. Faktor-faktor yang secara signifikan memengaruhi konversi lahan meliputi tingkat pendidikan petani, modal usaha tani, pendapatan usaha tani, dan kebutuhan mendesak akan uang. Sementara itu, variabel seperti usia petani, sistem pewarisan, dan jumlah tanggungan tidak terbukti berdampak signifikan. Dampak sosial-ekonomi yang dialami petani meliputi penurunan pendapatan dari sektor pertanian dan peralihan ke sektor informal.
Kata kunci: Konversi Lahan, Petani, Dampak Sosial Ekonomi.
Agricultural land conversion is a major issue facing Indonesia's agricultural sector. This study aims to analyze agricultural land conversion in Candi District, Sidoarjo Regency—a peri-urban area facing development pressures and high population growth. The research objectives were to: (1) examine land conversion trends, (2) analyze the factors influencing them, and (3) identify the socio-economic impacts on farmers whose land has been converted. A quantitative survey approach was applied to 30 farmer respondents from four villages, selected using snowball sampling based on the criteria of having sold their rice fields. Data were analyzed using exponential trend analysis, multiple linear regression, and descriptive statistics. The results revealed that land conversion in Candi District has occurred significantly, marked by a continuous decline in rice field area. Factors significantly influencing land conversion include farmer education level, farming capital, farming income, and urgent need for money. Meanwhile, variables such as farmer age, inheritance system, and number of dependents were not shown to have a significant impact. The socio-economic impacts experienced by farmers include decreased income from the agricultural sector and a shift to the informal sector.
Keywords: Land Conversion, Farmers, Sosio-economic impact.
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